In 2025, the world celebrates the centennial of Art Deco, an architectural and design movement that defined the early 20th century. Art Deco symbolized progress, optimism, and modernity with its bold geometric patterns, streamlined silhouettes, and luxurious materials. This style shaped skylines from Paris to New York to St. Louis and influenced everything from architecture to fashion, furniture, and even automobiles.
The Rise of Art Deco
Art Deco emerged in the 1920s from the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris. Unlike its predecessor, Art Nouveau, which favored organic forms and flowing lines, Art Deco embraced symmetry, repetition, and machine-age aesthetics. The style was heavily influenced by ancient civilizations, mainly Egyptian, Mayan, and Aztec motifs, combined with the sleek look of industrial design.
By the 1930s, Art Deco had become the go-to architectural style for skyscrapers, theaters, hotels, and train stations. The Chrysler Building in New York and the Palais de Chaillot in Paris exemplify the movement’s grand aspirations. However, with the onset of World War II, the style faded, replaced by the more functional and minimalist International Style. Still, Art Deco’s legacy endures, particularly in cities like Miami, Chicago, and St. Louis.
Art Deco in St. Louis: Architectural Treasures
St. Louis, known for its architectural diversity, boasts several stunning examples of Art Deco buildings. These structures capture the movement’s spirit, blending elegance with innovation.
Continental Life Building (1930)
Located in Midtown, the Continental Life Building is one of the city’s finest Art Deco skyscrapers. Designed by Tom P. Barnett, this 22-story tower showcases the vertical emphasis and geometric ornamentation that define the style. Once a medical office hub, the building has been restored into apartments, ensuring its continued presence in the St. Louis skyline.
Stifel Theatre (formerly Peabody Opera House, 1934)
Originally known as the Peabody Opera House, the Stifel Theatre features a symmetrical façade, decorative reliefs, and streamlined interiors. The lavish auditorium, rich ornamentation, and sleek lines exemplify Art Deco’s luxurious aesthetic. After an extensive renovation, the theatre continues to serve as a cultural beacon in downtown St. Louis.
South Side National Bank Building (1928)
Standing at Grand and Gravois, the South Side National Bank Building is a striking example of Art Deco’s impact on commercial architecture. With its limestone façade, stylized setbacks, and dramatic rooftop design, the building reflects the boldness of the era. It has been converted into residential apartments, preserving its architectural integrity.
Fox Theatre (1929)
Though its exterior incorporates elements of Oriental Revival architecture, the Fox Theatre has strong Art Deco influences inside. The bold color schemes, intricate geometric detailing, and lavish design elements create an atmosphere of old Hollywood glamour. Built as a grand movie palace, the Fox remains one of St. Louis’s most beloved entertainment venues.
Chase Park Plaza (1920s Expansion)
The Chase Park Plaza in the Central West End features Art Deco interiors, particularly in its opulent Chase Club and historic cinema. While the original hotel dates back to the 1920s, its later expansions embraced the streamlined elegance of the Art Deco movement, making it a landmark of St. Louis luxury.
Preserving and Celebrating Art Deco
As Art Deco turns 100, cities worldwide, including St. Louis, have an opportunity to celebrate and preserve this architectural legacy. Whether through historic preservation projects, walking tours, or special events, 2025 is the perfect time to rediscover the beauty of Art Deco.
From the soaring heights of the Continental Life Building to the dazzling interiors of the Fox Theatre, St. Louis remains a city where Art Deco’s bold vision endures. This centennial celebration invites us to appreciate a movement that continues to inspire architects, designers, and lovers of great design. Here’s to 100 years of Art Deco—and many more to come!
